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蛤蟆级火腿
加入日期: 2006-08-07
您的住址: 深圳
帖子: 422
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“火腿”有序管理或成应急救援奇兵
“火腿”有序管理或成应急救援奇兵
在重大灾害发生时具有方便快捷的应急通讯功能 “火腿”是我国业余无线电爱好者的自称。由于在重大灾害发生时具有方便快捷的应急通讯功能,因此业余无线电通讯越来越受到社会的重视。在深圳,“火腿”们“火线通讯抢险”的故事也越来越多。不过,由于业余无线电运动在我国起步较晚,目前对于“火腿”的有序管理也还有相当长的路要走。“‘火腿’作为一个特殊的群体,拥有特殊的技能,在关键时刻是有能力为社会做出特殊贡献的。”7月11日,记者在深圳市无线电管理局采访时,主管业余无线电工作的温标荣工程师告诉记者。 1 专家评价:深圳“火腿”素质不错 近日,广州地铁四号线的通信调度频率受到不明电台的恶意挑衅干扰。广州市有关部门随即出动无线电监测车,经逐一排查,最终于上周锁定干扰源,并以非法设置无线电频率和占用合法频率为由对责任人进行了行政处罚。 这一事件曝光后,马上被国内许多知名业余无线电网站转载。包括深圳“火腿”在内的无线电爱好者在谴责恶意干扰行为的同时,纷纷呼吁加强自律,同时也希望主管部门加大查处力度,对干扰者严惩不贷。 那么,深圳有没有出现过类似的恶意干扰事件呢?记者为此专门采访了深圳市无线电管理局。主管业余无线电工作的温标荣工程师告诉记者:“截至目前,深圳从来没有任何一个‘火腿’出过这样的问题。应该说,深圳的业余无线电运动虽然起步晚,但起点很高,‘火腿’的素质相当不错。不过,以前个别非法设置的电台也确实出现过恶意干扰民航导航站的事情。我们通过监听监测,最终配合公安部门端掉了这个黑电台。后来我们发现,凡是干这种事的人没有一个是真正的‘火腿’。” 据温标荣介绍,深圳市业余无线电运动起步于上个世纪90年代,当时全市只有50个“火腿”。从2000年开始,深圳业余无线电运动进入到第一个发展阶段,到2005年,深圳的“火腿”人数达到了250人。而从2006年至今,深圳取得正式呼号和电台执照的“火腿”已达900多人。其中仅今年上半年就有200多人取得了“火腿”资格。如果加上那些只取得了呼号还没有申领电台执照的“准火腿”,深圳的“火腿”人数则可达到4000人左右。在深圳的“火腿”中以20~40岁的人居多,20岁以下的在校学生也不少,而年纪最长的已80多岁。 2 关键时刻:或是社会通讯最后防线 记者在采访中了解到,在发生紧急情况或自然灾害,常规通讯服务中断时,“火腿”有义务利用业余无线电设备,为政府和公众提供应急通讯服务。比如美国就有两个著名的“火腿”应急通讯组织——业余无线电应急通讯服务(ARES)和全国交通系统(NTS)。这两个组织都会定期开展与应急通讯有关的培训与演习。“火腿”参加应急通讯的一个著名例子是美国的“9·11”事件。当时有一批纽约“火腿”临时组建了一个应急通讯网,在救援过程中发挥了重要作用。 温标荣告诉记者,业余无线电除了是一种群众性的科技、文化、体育活动之外,在社会紧急情况发生时则是一种方便快捷的通讯手段。例如日本几年前发生的8级强烈地震,还有印尼海啸事件,当交通工具以及电话、电报等一切通讯工具完全失去作用时,当地“火腿”就发挥了巨大的紧急救援作用。而在我市,2003年凤凰山曾有一名游客失足跌落几十米高悬崖,在营救过程中无线电也发挥了重要作用。 “就在不久前发生的汶川大地震中,‘火腿’在应急通讯方面也发挥了很大的作用,这其中也有深圳‘火腿’的功劳。”温标荣笑着对记者说。 据介绍,在5月13日晚上,“火腿”们把一辆业余无线电台通讯车停在绵竹市救灾中心门口,绵竹市的市长要和在前线的副市长通话,都要跑到车前拿话筒呼叫。在通讯尚未修复的地震初期,无线电台的指挥中心就充当着整个灾区的指挥部。 “业余无线电通联在这次灾难面前发挥了专业抢险救灾的作用。每次成功的短波通联,都可能救活无数人。只要能有一台手持对讲机或车载机,就能在救灾中发挥意想不到的重大的作用。”专门赶去参与支援的深圳“火腿”老丁说。 记者手头有这样一个发人深省的时间表:汶川大地震发生后,14:31,成都市业余无线电应急通讯网就启用了紧急通讯,在439.225MHz和439.800MHz两个频率上开通应急通讯,参加应急通讯的“火腿”达200多人。随即他们通过短波通联等方式,向外地电台传达了成都地区受灾情况,并得知北京、上海、广州都有震感,确认震级肯定非常大,于是升高了应急通讯紧急程度。大约14:45,当地“火腿”通过应急通讯网传达了震中位于四川汶川的消息。此后两个小时内,成都范围内惟一能正常通信的就只有这两个频率,连110、120都叫不通了。 而2004年的印度洋海啸横扫印度的安达曼-尼可巴群岛群岛,岛上的所有通讯设施尽毁。此时正在该岛上进行海岛远征的印度“火腿”VU4RBI和VU4NRO,用蓄电池和无线电台,将岛上的受灾情况及时通报出去,使得岛上数千人获救。“火腿”的道义赢得全世界的尊敬。 “深圳每年也都会面临一些诸如台风、暴雨之类的恶劣天气,在这种时候无法排除在某个区域内出现通讯中断的可能性。而就是在这种非常情况下,‘火腿’往往能发挥特别关键的作用。”温标荣说。 3 官方提醒:不经申请擅自设台违法 记者在采访中获悉,业余无线电台的设置需要经过严格的申请程序,申领牌照后才可以使用。除国家开放的公开频率之外,所有使用无线电频率进行通讯的行为,都必须经过无线电管理委员会的备案批准。 不过,目前也有不少无线电发烧友在通过考试取得呼号后,并未按规定办理电台执照,就开始使用电台进行通联,以致于成为非法设台者。 “无论你有没有取得呼号,只要是个人不经申请就自己设台,都是违法的。而这样做的后果,不仅增加了电台使用的风险,还使得一些原本属于公共资源的呼号和无线电频率无法被政府部门有效掌握。一方面造成资源的浪费,同时也可能造成到了关键时刻根本就派不上用场的局面。”温标荣告诉记者说。 据了解,目前在深圳的业余无线电爱好者中,尚有近3000人没有依法申领电台执照。 名词 解释 火腿 英文版《朗曼当代英语词典》解释单词“HAM”时,有一条为“A PERSON WHO RECEIVES AND/OR SENDS RADIO MESSAGES USING HIS OWN APPARATUS。”——用自己的设备接收和(或)发射无线电信息的人。这个定义实际上就是业余无线电爱好者,因此英语“RADIO AMATEUR”和“HAM”的意思完全一样。另外,“HAM”一词又有“火腿”的意思,所以,我国的业余无线电爱好者也风趣地自称为“火腿”。 (深圳晚报 记者 李晶川)
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潘存涛 深圳市飞扬天地文化传播有限公司、《中国业余无线电》编辑部 深圳市福田区振华路中联电子大厦东座405 PC:518031 电话:0755-83328622 传真:0755-83323192 手机:132 6682 8622 电子邮箱:pct@ztinfo.com |
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已被版主封禁
加入日期: 2008-07-17
帖子: 18
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More leaders of foreign governments and international and regional organizations sent messages to Chinese leaders, or in other ways, to express their deep condolence over the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan. They also expressed support for the Chinese government's disaster relief efforts.
Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires, president of the Republic of Cape Verde, extended profound sympathy, condolences and support to the Chinese people, expressing belief that the Chinese people will certainly overcome difficulties and rebuild their homeland. Prime Minister of the Republic of Congo Isidore Mvouba expressed his heartfelt condolences to the Chinese people and deep sympathy to the victims' families. Joseph Kabila, president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), conveyed profound sympathy of the DRC people to the Chinese people. President Ismail Omar Guelleh of Djibouti extended sincere condolences and deep sympathy to the Chinese people. Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Djibouti Mahamoud Ali Youssouf said his country will spare no efforts to support China. El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba, president of Gabon, expressed condolences to the Chinese side and extended sympathy and support to the victims' families. Cameroon President Paul Biya and Prime Minister Inoni Ephraim sent condolences to China, expressing belief that under the leadership of the Chinese government, the Chinese people will surely conquer the earthquake disaster and rebuild their homeland. President of Cote d'Ivoire Laurent Gbagbo expressed deep sympathy and sincere condolences to China, expressing belief that the Chinese government and people will unite together to win the battle against the disaster. Defense Minister Amani N'Guessan Michel and Foreign Minister Bakayoko Youssouf extended sympathy and condolences to the Chinese side. They believed that the Chinese government is capable of properly handling the earthquake disaster and starting the reconstruction work as soon as possible. President Marc Ravalomanana and Foreign Minister Marcel Ranjeva of Madagascar extended sincere condolences to the Chinese people. The people of Madagascar felt sympathy for the Chinese people and supported the disaster relief efforts by the Chinese government and people, they added. Mozambican President Armando Emilio Guebuza expressed deep admiration for the swift response of the Chinese government and extended profound sympathy and condolences to the victims' families. Chadian President Idriss Deby Itno said he felt deep sorrow for the huge casualties and heavy property losses caused by the earthquake, exprssing sincere condolences and firm support for the people in the disaster-stricken areas. President Amani Abeid Karume of Zanzibar of the United Republic of Tanzania expressed sincere condolences to China, expressing belief that the Chinese people will conquer difficulties with dauntless efforts. Prime Minister Apollo Robin Nsibambi of the Republic of Uganda, on behalf of President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the government and people of Uganda, expressed sincere condolences to the Chinese government and people. Kenneth David Kaunda, the first President of Zambia, sent condolences to China and believed that under the leadership of the Chinese government, the Chinese people will be able to conquer the disaster. Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías, president of Venezuela, expressed profound condolences to those killed in the earthquake disaster, adding that he believed the Chinese government will surely be able to overcome sorrow and his country is ready to offer any assistance成都机票 成都飞机票 成都打折机票 成都特价机票 成都到北京机票. Prime Minister of Barbados David Thompson said he felt deep sorrow for the heavy casualties caused by the earthquake and extended sympathy to the victims' families. He believed that the Chinese government will surely win the battle against the disaster. The government and people of Barbados will unswervingly support the Chinese government and people. Romanian Prime Minister Calin Popescu Tariceanu expressed profound sympathy to the friendly Chinese people and sincere sympathy to the relatives of the victims. Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Luxembourg Jean Asselborn, Mexican Foreign Minister Patricia Espinosa Cantellano, Malaysian Foreign Minister Rais Yatim, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Prince Mohamed Bolkiah of Brunei, Minister of National Heritage and Cultural Affairs of Sri Lanka Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena and the Regional Counter-Terrorism Structure Executive Committee of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization ( SCO) also extended sympathy to the Chinese government and people, as well as their condolences to the victims. |
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怪兽级火腿(******)
加入日期: 2003-10-15
帖子: 417
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捕光弄影! 糟踏白银! deshun@sina.com |
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